{"id":38587,"date":"2020-03-25T09:55:59","date_gmt":"2020-03-25T08:55:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/"},"modified":"2020-04-01T20:17:49","modified_gmt":"2020-04-01T18:17:49","slug":"episode-3-sanctions-penales","status":"publish","type":"portfolio","link":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/","title":{"rendered":"#3 &#8211; SANZIONI PENALI IN TEMPO DI EPIDEMIA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jmxvxir7-95d89c55a18459ca75a45c2f5baa280d\">\n.avia-section.av-jmxvxir7-95d89c55a18459ca75a45c2f5baa280d{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Virus-2.jpg);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-jmxvxir7-95d89c55a18459ca75a45c2f5baa280d main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-custom  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' style='height:180px'><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-38587'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-k86gh2cg-e268f6de162e97ab86dbeccdaed7a688\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-k86gh2cg-e268f6de162e97ab86dbeccdaed7a688{\nmargin:15px 0 0 0;\npadding-bottom:5px;\ncolor:#ffffff;\nfont-size:40px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-k86gh2cg-e268f6de162e97ab86dbeccdaed7a688 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-k86gh2cg-e268f6de162e97ab86dbeccdaed7a688 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:40px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-k86gh2cg-e268f6de162e97ab86dbeccdaed7a688 .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#ffffff;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-k86gh2cg-e268f6de162e97ab86dbeccdaed7a688 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-k86gh2cg-e268f6de162e97ab86dbeccdaed7a688 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:28px;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-k86gh2cg-e268f6de162e97ab86dbeccdaed7a688 av-special-heading-h2 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-1  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-inherit-size'><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >COVID-19 Mini-s\u00e9rie<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-k0ibabjl-8fe9bc842b2350b0a9dedad2ef664ba7\">\n.avia-section.av-k0ibabjl-8fe9bc842b2350b0a9dedad2ef664ba7{\nbackground-color:#ededed;\nbackground-image:unset;\nmargin-top:0px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_2'  class='avia-section av-k0ibabjl-8fe9bc842b2350b0a9dedad2ef664ba7 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-38587'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-22o2sp1-f2efabf4c0fdd900e21f044630e70c26\">\n.flex_column.av-22o2sp1-f2efabf4c0fdd900e21f044630e70c26{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-22o2sp1-f2efabf4c0fdd900e21f044630e70c26 av_three_fourth  avia-builder-el-3  el_before_av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding '   ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-134sp95-fb4022a54603b6231a211e63fb33bad0\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-134sp95-fb4022a54603b6231a211e63fb33bad0{\nmargin:30px 30px 30px 30px;\npadding-bottom:40px;\ncolor:#253e43;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-134sp95-fb4022a54603b6231a211e63fb33bad0 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-134sp95-fb4022a54603b6231a211e63fb33bad0 .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#253e43;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-134sp95-fb4022a54603b6231a211e63fb33bad0 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-134sp95-fb4022a54603b6231a211e63fb33bad0 av-special-heading-h2 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-4  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >COVID-19 Mini-s\u00e9rie \u00c9pisode #3 \u2013 Sanctions p\u00e9nales en p\u00e9riode d\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie : que risque-t-on ?<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jlzlsr6x-5ab752379225619c4e2d35b21b1d3cc1\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jlzlsr6x-5ab752379225619c4e2d35b21b1d3cc1 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#000000;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jlzlsr6x-5ab752379225619c4e2d35b21b1d3cc1'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Sanctions p\u00e9nales en p\u00e9riode d\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie : que risque-t-on ?<\/strong> Dans ce troisi\u00e8me \u00e9pisode, nous traitons des sanctions p\u00e9nales pour les infractions aux mesures impos\u00e9es par le gouvernement suisse ainsi que les diff\u00e9rentes autorit\u00e9s cantonales. A l\u2019heure o\u00f9 la population est appel\u00e9e \u00e0 user de toute sa prudence et de sa responsabilit\u00e9 individuelle, tant les individus que les entreprises ont des obligations. Non seulement des cas de responsabilit\u00e9 m\u00e9dicales peuvent survenir suite aux d\u00e9c\u00e8s de patients, mais le non-respect des r\u00e8gles de distance, d\u2019hygi\u00e8ne et de rassemblement impliquent des peines qui peuvent \u00eatre lourdes.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-150b95x-96a9c176c269fa6b1b28f96316773e6d\">\n.flex_column.av-150b95x-96a9c176c269fa6b1b28f96316773e6d{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-150b95x-96a9c176c269fa6b1b28f96316773e6d av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_three_fourth  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding '   ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-tpdha1-2b01353521bb1bfc1b5fe6173d1c2f04\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-tpdha1-2b01353521bb1bfc1b5fe6173d1c2f04{\nmargin:30px 30px 30px 30px;\npadding-bottom:40px;\ncolor:#253e43;\nfont-size:30px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-tpdha1-2b01353521bb1bfc1b5fe6173d1c2f04 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-tpdha1-2b01353521bb1bfc1b5fe6173d1c2f04 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:30px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-tpdha1-2b01353521bb1bfc1b5fe6173d1c2f04 .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#253e43;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-tpdha1-2b01353521bb1bfc1b5fe6173d1c2f04 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:24px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-tpdha1-2b01353521bb1bfc1b5fe6173d1c2f04 av-special-heading-h5 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-7  el_before_av_button_big  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-inherit-size'><h5 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >HOTLINE 24\/7 COVID-19<\/h5><div class='av_custom_color av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>+41 21 925 30 99<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap avia-button-center  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_heading  avia-builder-el-last ' >\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-k870wvse-3a4950eb6ff3a6f8932c9b9436cffd07\">\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-k870wvse-3a4950eb6ff3a6f8932c9b9436cffd07{\ncolor:#ffffff;\ntransition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n-webkit-transition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n-moz-transition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n-ms-transition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n-o-transition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-k870wvse-3a4950eb6ff3a6f8932c9b9436cffd07:hover{\ncolor:#ffffff;\ntransition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n-webkit-transition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n-moz-transition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n-ms-transition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n-o-transition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n}\n<\/style>\n<a href='https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/expertises\/covid-19-conseils-juridiques\/' class='avia-color-theme-color avia-button avia-button-fullwidth av-k870wvse-3a4950eb6ff3a6f8932c9b9436cffd07 avia-icon_select-no avia-color-theme-color' ><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Tous les articles<\/span><span class='avia_button_background avia-button avia-button-fullwidth avia-color-theme-color'><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_3'  class='avia-section av-qg9ikf-7243d56a031e29b48a82b516f33a1a22 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_one_full  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-38587'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k867xm75-6b93d07b6a9ee2f54a8f37da82c30e5f'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38433 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30-300x191.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30-300x191.png 300w, https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30-768x488.png 768w, https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30-705x448.png 705w, https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30.png 992w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/> Covid-19 Mini-s\u00e9ries juridiques<\/p>\n<p>Cette mini-s\u00e9rie vise \u00e0 fournir des lignes directrices et des recommandations durant l\u2019incertitude li\u00e9e \u00e0 la propagation du nouveau coronavirus et aux r\u00e9centes d\u00e9cisions des autorit\u00e9s suisses.<\/p>\n<p>Les r\u00e9percussions sur l\u2019\u00e9conomie, la sant\u00e9, les familles et les restrictions \u00e0 la vie priv\u00e9e nous am\u00e8nent \u00e0 cr\u00e9er ces \u00e9pisodes pour apporter des conseils juridiques pratiques pour les organisations priv\u00e9es et publiques.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019Ordonnance f\u00e9d\u00e9rale 1 du Conseil f\u00e9d\u00e9ral du 28 f\u00e9vrier 2020 ne pr\u00e9voyait aucune sanction p\u00e9nale, les sanctions de la loi f\u00e9d\u00e9rale sur les \u00e9pid\u00e9mies (LEp) \u00e9tant toutefois applicables aux violations de l\u2019Ordonnance 1. Depuis le 16 mars 2020, l\u2019Ordonnance 2 r\u00e9vis\u00e9e contient des dispositions p\u00e9nales permettant d\u2019incriminer ceux qui n\u2019appliquent pas les mesures impos\u00e9es et, in fine, lutter contre le coronavirus. Les cantons doivent appliquer les mesures f\u00e9d\u00e9rales, mais disposent d\u2019une certaine marge d\u2019appr\u00e9ciation. Les citoyens suisses ont tard\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9agir et prendre la crise au s\u00e9rieux. Des mesures plus drastiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 impos\u00e9es pour inciter au \u00ab Je reste chez moi \u00bb avec des sanctions p\u00e9nales et la possibilit\u00e9 pour les forces de police d\u2019intervenir pour faire respecter l\u2019ordre. La Suisse et ses voisins retiennent leur souffle dans l\u2019espoir que les mesures permettront d\u2019infl\u00e9chir la courbe d\u2019augmentation des cas positifs et r\u00e9duire l\u2019engorgement des h\u00f4pitaux. Dans ce 3e \u00e9pisode, nous traitons des sanctions p\u00e9nales en cas de non-respect des mesures impos\u00e9es par la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration et les cantons ainsi que les probl\u00e9matiques p\u00e9nales r\u00e9currentes dans cette situation extraordinaire.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='after_section_3'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-38587'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'><\/p>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-wtf9al-630334b91bdcf1d1b66cd607bda1c073\">\n.flex_column.av-wtf9al-630334b91bdcf1d1b66cd607bda1c073{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-wtf9al-630334b91bdcf1d1b66cd607bda1c073 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding '   ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-k86733ob-b5b8a60b43ce1bac297b678f6ee016eb'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<h2>Q.1 Quels comportements sont punissables depuis le d\u00e9but de l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie ?<\/h2>\n<p>R.1.1: Au niveau f\u00e9d\u00e9ral, de nouvelles peines sanctionnent les comportements suivants :<\/p>\n<p>Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 3 ans de prison en cas de tenue de manifestations publiques et priv\u00e9es, non-fermeture<\/p>\n<p>des \u00e9tablissements publics ou non-respect des normes d\u2019hygi\u00e8ne et d\u2019\u00e9loignement social.<br \/>\nCHF 100.- d\u2019amende par personne pour les rassemblements de plus de 5 personnes dans les lieux publics ou de 5 personnes au plus \u00e0 une distance de moins de 2 m\u00e8tres. La version r\u00e9vis\u00e9e du 20 mars 2020 va plus loin. Bien entendu, les infractions pr\u00e9vues par le code p\u00e9nal restent applicables pour des comportements d\u00e9lictueux plus caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>R.1.2 : Au niveau cantonal, les cantons romands ont \u00e9dict\u00e9 des textes pr\u00e9voyant des sanctions visant la population, les entreprises, les commerces, organisateurs de manifestations et employeurs :<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Gen\u00e8ve : CHF 100.- \u00e0 CHF 10&#8217;000.- d\u2019amende pour violation des mesures contenues dans l\u2019arr\u00eat\u00e9 du 20 mars 2020 (plus de d\u00e9tails ici) ;<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Vaud : Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 CHF 20&#8217;000.- d\u2019amende (50\u2019000 en cas de r\u00e9cidive), pour certains autres rassemblements, le non-respect des normes d\u2019hygi\u00e8ne, la non-fermeture des chantiers ou des distances sociales par les entreprises, voire les horaires impos\u00e9s par l\u2019arr\u00eat\u00e9 (art. 16 arr\u00eat\u00e9 du Conseil d\u2019Etat du 18 mars 2020). Pour aller plus loin, lire la s\u00e9rie d\u2019actualit\u00e9s sur penalex.ch ;<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 2\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<ul>\n<li>Valais : jusqu\u2019\u00e0 CHF 10&#8217;000.- d\u2019amende pour non-respect du d\u00e9cret d\u2019Etat du 16 mars 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Neuch\u00e2tel : CHF 500.- \u00e0 100&#8217;000.- (loi sur la sant\u00e9 (NE), jusqu\u2019\u00e0 CHF 40&#8217;000.- (loi sur les\n<p>\u00e9tablissements publics (LEP) ou loi sur la police du commerce (LPCom)) ;<\/li>\n<li>Jura : jusqu\u2019\u00e0 CHF 10&#8217;000.- d\u2019amende pour les contraventions \u00e0 la d\u00e9cision du 17 mars 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Fribourg : CHF 100.- \u00e0 250.- selon communiqu\u00e9 de presse du 20 mars 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Berne : CHF 100.- \u00e0 250.- (individus) et CHF 2\u2019000-5&#8217;000.- (commerces) &#8211; 20 mars 2020.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k86733ob-b5b8a60b43ce1bac297b678f6ee016eb'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Q.2 Puis-je filmer un comportement d\u00e9lictueux pour le d\u00e9noncer ?<\/h2>\n<p>R.2: En l\u2019absence de consentement de la personne film\u00e9e, la preuve n\u2019est, d\u2019ordinaire, pas utilisable car obtenue ill\u00e9galement. Au contraire, filmer quelqu\u2019un sans son consentement peut \u00eatre r\u00e9pr\u00e9hensible sous l\u2019angle du Code p\u00e9nal (art. 179quater) et du droit au respect \u00e0 la sph\u00e8re priv\u00e9e (LPD). Compte tenu du fait que les infractions pr\u00e9cit\u00e9es ne sont pas des crimes, mais des contraventions et d\u00e9lits, les autorit\u00e9s de poursuite p\u00e9nale ne pourraient vraisemblablement pas surveiller la population pour atteindre ce but (art. 282 CPP).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k86733ob-b5b8a60b43ce1bac297b678f6ee016eb'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Q.3 Est-ce que je peux \u00eatre punissable pour la diffusion d\u2019une fake news ?<\/h2>\n<p>R.3: En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, non. La diffusion d\u2019un mensonge n\u2019est, en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, pas punissable. Toutefois, il faut \u00eatre prudent dans le contexte particulier d\u2019une \u00e9pid\u00e9mie : vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9, anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et danger concret pour la sant\u00e9. Risque jusqu\u2019\u00e0 3 ans de prison, celui qui aura jet\u00e9 l\u2019alarme dans la population par la menace ou l\u2019annonce d\u2019un danger pour la vie ou la sant\u00e9 (art. 258 CP). Est d\u00e9t\u00e9rminante la notion de \u00ab population \u00bb. Selon le Tribunal f\u00e9d\u00e9ral (affaire Facebook &#8211; r\u00e9sum\u00e9e en fran\u00e7ais), pour alarmer la population, il faut alarmer un \u00ab ensemble de personnes qui se trouvent \u00e0 un endroit d\u00e9termin\u00e9 \u00bb. Celui qui diffuse ou transmet des \u00ab fake news \u00bb \u00e0 la population (conf\u00e9rence de presse en streaming) serait punissable. Diffuser une fake news sur une page Facebook ou un groupe WhatsApp semble insuffisant pour alarmer la \u00ab population \u00bb. Dans cette p\u00e9riode de crise sanitaire, nous vous recommandons de ne rediffuser aucun contenu, m\u00eame provenant d\u2019une personne s\u00fbre, s\u2019il ne provient pas d\u2019une source officielle et \u00e9viter de propager ces messages viraux.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k86733ob-b5b8a60b43ce1bac297b678f6ee016eb'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Q.4 Un employeur est-il punissable s\u2019il ne respecte pas les mesures requises ?<\/h2>\n<p>R.4: Oui. Un employeur a l\u2019obligation l\u00e9gale de veiller sur, et prot\u00e9ger la sant\u00e9 de, ses travailleurs (art. 328 CO et 6 LTr). Dans le contexte particulier de la pand\u00e9mie au Covid-19, le SECO rappelle les trois mesures essentielles que les employeurs doivent mettre en place : (1) t\u00e9l\u00e9travail ; sinon : (2) distance ; et (3) hygi\u00e8ne. Le SECO peut faire des contr\u00f4les et faire fermer les chantiers. Les sanctions p\u00e9nales f\u00e9d\u00e9rales et cantonales (voir Q.1 ci-dessus) s\u2019appliquent \u00e0 tout employeur qui imposerait \u00e0 ses employ\u00e9s de venir au travail alors que le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail est possible ou lorsque les r\u00e8gles de distance et d\u2019hygi\u00e8ne ne sont pas respect\u00e9es. Le dirigeant de l\u2019entreprise peut \u00e9coper jusqu\u2019\u00e0 3 ans de prison.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k86733ob-b5b8a60b43ce1bac297b678f6ee016eb'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Q.5 Est-il possible de se faire d\u00e9dommager contre une d\u00e9cision de l\u2019Etat ?<\/h2>\n<p>R.5: Dans le contexte de mesures urgentes ordonn\u00e9es par l\u2019Etant, la LEp n\u2019accorde aucun droit de r\u00e9clamer des dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats suite \u00e0 une d\u00e9cision prise par l\u2019Etat.<\/p>\n<p>Il est recommand\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9valuer les risques financiers et de revoir vos contrats avec des tiers, y compris, le cas \u00e9ch\u00e9ant, ceux avec vos fournisseurs et vos polices d\u2019assurance afin de minimiser vos risques et pertes. Le D\u00e9partement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral de l\u2019\u00e9conomie, de la formation et de la recherche (\u00abDEFR\u00bb) \u00e9value la situation. L\u2019Office f\u00e9d\u00e9ral de la culture a invit\u00e9 les organisations professionnelles \u00e0 discuter de solutions apr\u00e8s le plafond interdisant d\u2019organiser des \u00e9v\u00e9nements de plus 1000 personnes, permettant aux cantons de fixer un nombre inf\u00e9rieur.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019indemnisation et l\u2019analyse des contrats pose des questions complexes (droit de r\u00e9siliation, cas de force majeure), que nous traiterons \u00e9galement dans un sujet suivant.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":38589,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","tags":[],"portfolio_entries":[608],"class_list":["post-38587","portfolio","type-portfolio","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","portfolio_entries-covid-19-mini-serie-it"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>#3 - SANZIONI PENALI IN TEMPO DI EPIDEMIA - datalex<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"#3 - SANZIONI PENALI IN TEMPO DI EPIDEMIA - datalex\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"datalex\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-04-01T18:17:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"992\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"13 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/expertises\\\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/expertises\\\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\\\/\",\"name\":\"#3 - SANZIONI PENALI IN TEMPO DI EPIDEMIA - datalex\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/expertises\\\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/expertises\\\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/cms\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30-1.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-03-25T08:55:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-04-01T18:17:49+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/expertises\\\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"it-IT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/expertises\\\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"it-IT\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/expertises\\\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/cms\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/cms\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30-1.png\",\"width\":992,\"height\":630,\"caption\":\"Criminal sanction coronavirus\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/expertises\\\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"#3 &#8211; SANZIONI PENALI IN TEMPO DI EPIDEMIA\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/\",\"name\":\"datalex\",\"description\":\"Avocats sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s dans les nouvelles technologies - lawyers specializing in new technologies\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.datalex.ch\\\/it\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"it-IT\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"#3 - SANZIONI PENALI IN TEMPO DI EPIDEMIA - datalex","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/","og_locale":"it_IT","og_type":"article","og_title":"#3 - SANZIONI PENALI IN TEMPO DI EPIDEMIA - datalex","og_url":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/","og_site_name":"datalex","article_modified_time":"2020-04-01T18:17:49+00:00","og_image":[{"width":992,"height":630,"url":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30-1.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"13 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/","url":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/","name":"#3 - SANZIONI PENALI IN TEMPO DI EPIDEMIA - datalex","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30-1.png","datePublished":"2020-03-25T08:55:59+00:00","dateModified":"2020-04-01T18:17:49+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"it-IT","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"it-IT","@id":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Capture-d\u2019\u00e9cran-2020-03-25-\u00e0-10.18.30-1.png","width":992,"height":630,"caption":"Criminal sanction coronavirus"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/expertises\/episode-3-sanctions-penales\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"#3 &#8211; SANZIONI PENALI IN TEMPO DI EPIDEMIA"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/","name":"datalex","description":"Avocats sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s dans les nouvelles technologies - lawyers specializing in new technologies","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"it-IT"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio\/38587","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/portfolio"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38587"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio\/38587\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38591,"href":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio\/38587\/revisions\/38591"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38589"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38587"},{"taxonomy":"portfolio_entries","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.datalex.ch\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_entries?post=38587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}